1. Installing Carbon – Carbon Design System

Starting with the Carbon Angular, there are two ways to begin working with Carbon components. By the end, these two methods will produce the same result.

Prerequisites
Use starter app (recommended)
Start from scratch

Preview

A preview of what you will build:

Note: If you get lint errors when you copy the code from the snippets, run ng lint --fix to fix them.

Prerequisites

Fork, clone and branch

This tutorial has an accompanying GitHub repository called carbon-tutorial-angular that we’ll use as a starting point for each step.

Fork

To begin, fork carbon-tutorial-angular using your GitHub account.

Clone

Go to your forked repository, copy the SSH or HTTPS URL and in your terminal run the two commands to get the repository in your local file system and enter that directory.

git clone [your fork SSH/HTTPS]
cd carbon-tutorial-angular

Add upstream remote

Add a remote called upstream so we can eventually submit a pull request once you have completed this tutorial step.

SSH:

git remote add upstream git@github.com:carbon-design-system/carbon-tutorial-angular.git

Or, if you prefer to use HTTPS instead of SSH with your remotes:

HTTPS:

git remote add upstream https://github.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-tutorial-angular.git

Verify that your forked repository remotes are correct:

git remote -v

Your terminal should output something like this:

origin  [your forked repo] (fetch)
origin  [your forked repo] (push)
upstream    git@github.com:carbon-design-system/carbon-tutorial-angular.git (fetch)
upstream    git@github.com:carbon-design-system/carbon-tutorial-angular.git (push)

Branch

Now that we have our repository set up, let’s check out the branch for this tutorial step’s starting point. Run the two commands:

git fetch upstream
git checkout -b angular-step-1 upstream/angular-step-1

Add starter remote

Add a temporary remote called starter so we can clone the carbon-angular-starter.

SSH:

git remote add starter git@github.com:carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter.git

Or, if you prefer to use HTTPS instead of SSH with your remotes:

HTTPS:

git remote add starter https://github.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter.git

Pull starter code

Now that we a have starter remote, we can rebase our branch to match whatever is in the starter app. Run the two commands:

git fetch starter
git reset --hard starter/master

Remove starter remote

Remove the temporary remote called starter since we have no use for it anymore.

git remote remove starter

Build and start

We have the repository forked to your GitHub account, cloned down to your machine, and the starting branch checked out. Next, install the Carbon app’s dependencies with:

npm install

After the dependencies are installed, you can start the app with:

npm start

Your app should now be running with the message: ** Angular Live Development Server is listening on localhost:4200, open your browser on http://localhost:4200/ **

That’s it! Your browser should now resemble our starter-app.

Update UI Shell

Let’s update the UI Shell so it has a link to the repos page that we will create shortly. In header.component.html replace the code with:

src/app/header/header.component.html
<ibm-header [route]="['/']" name="Carbon Tutorial Angular">
  <ibm-header-navigation ariaLabel="Carbon Tutorial Angular">
    <ibm-header-item [route]="['/repos']">Repositories</ibm-header-item>
  </ibm-header-navigation>
  <ibm-header-global>
    <ibm-header-action title="action">
      <svg icon ibmIconNotification20></svg>
    </ibm-header-action>
    <ibm-header-action title="action">

Before we continue on to the next step, we want to begin developing with a clean app. So let’s delete the src/app/starter-home folder and update the routing in app-routing.module.ts by removing the below block:

src/app/app-routing.module.ts
{
  path: '',
  loadChildren: () => import('./starter-home/starter-home.module').then(m => m.StarterHomeModule)
},

From here you can continue the steps in Start from scratch from Create pages onwards.

Start from scratch

Install Angular CLI
Create an Angular App
Install Carbon
Code style
Progressive web app
Run the app
Add UI Shell
Create pages
Add routing
Submit pull request

Install Angular CLI

Since we are starting from scratch, we need to first install Angular CLI. Currently you need to install Angular CLI Version 8.x to work through this tutorial.

npm install -g @angular/cli

Note: If you are using macOS you might need to execute as a sudo command.

Create an Angular App

Now that we have our environment set up, starting a new Angular app is easy! If you haven’t set up the environment yet, please do so using the steps provided in Prerequisites (above). We will be using the Angular CLI to create and generate our components. It can also generate services, router, components, and directives.

To create a new Angular project with Angular CLI, just run:

ng new carbon-angular-tutorial --directory ./

This will create the new project within the current directory. Make sure you do this within the cloned fork of the project. When you get prompted, enter the following.

? Would you like to add Angular routing? Yes
? Which stylesheet format would you like to use? SCSS

This command will install the Angular app with all the configurations needed. Within the project folder carbon-angular-tutorial, the src directory should have the following structure:

carbon-angular-tutorial
...
  ├── src
    ├── app
    │   ├── app-routing.module.ts
    │   ├── app.component.html
    │   ├── app.component.scss
    │   ├── app.component.spec.ts
    │   ├── app.component.ts

Install Carbon

Even though we installed some dependencies while creating the new app, we’ve yet to install the Carbon packages.

carbon-components - component styles
carbon-components-angular - Angular components
@carbon/icons-angular - Angular icons

npm install carbon-components carbon-components-angular @carbon/icons-angular

Import carbon-component styles

In src/styles.scss, import the Carbon styles by adding the following to the top of the file:

src/styles.scss
@import '~carbon-components/scss/globals/scss/styles';

Code style

Next, we will edit the code style to match Carbon Angular recommendations. Through the conventions listed in our tslint.js, the app will look clean and easier to read and maintain. So replace your code in tslint.json with the code below.

tslint.json
{
    "rulesDirectory": [
    "node_modules/codelyzer"
    ],
    "rules": {
        "callable-types": true,
        "class-name": true,
        "comment-format": [
            true,

Now that our guidelines are defined, we need to apply them to our app.

ng lint --fix

All files should now pass linting. Finally, to help the editor indent lines properly in our project and to keep code styles consistent, we need to edit .editorconfig.

.editorconfig
# Editor configuration, see https://editorconfig.org
root = true
[*]
charset = utf-8
indent_style = tab
indent_size = 4
insert_final_newline = true
trim_trailing_whitespace = true

Note: This only works with editors that support editorconfigs.

Progressive web app

Before we start adding components, let’s explore progressive web app, or PWA. PWA is a web application that has a set of capabilities (similar to native apps) which provide an app-like experience to users. Some other capabilities include full responsiveness and browser compatibility, connectivity independence and self-updates. In the src directory create a file called sw.js and paste the code below.

For more information on PWAs, check out the developer’s documentation.

src/sw.js
let log = console.log.bind(console);
let err = console.error.bind(console);
let version = '1';
let cacheName = 'pwa-client-v' + version;
let dataCacheName = 'pwa-client-data-v' + version;
let appShellFilesToCache = [
  './',
  './index.html',

Now we need to register our service worker and use it to cache files locally. In index.html add the below code in a script block using <script></script> under the app-root tag.

src/index.html
<script>
// Uncomment the following lines to activate the service worker
// if (navigator.serviceWorker) {
//   navigator.serviceWorker.register("sw.js").then(() => {
//     console.log("Service worker installed");
//   }, err => {
//     console.error("Service worker error:", err);
//   });
// }

Next, we need to add the web app manifest. The manifest is a file in json format that provides the name, description, icon locations and other information required for an app to be considered a PWA. It lets users install the web app on the home screen just like native apps without going through an app store. Create a manifest.json in the src directory the paste the following code.

src/manifest.json
{
  "name": "Carbon Angular Starter",
  "short_name": "Starter",
  "icons": [
    {
      "src": "/assets/icons/favicon-32x32.png",
      "sizes": "32x32",
      "type": "image/png"
    },

We will also need to add sw.js and manifest.json into our asset entities (build & test) in angular.json and reference the manifest.json and theme-color in the index.html <head> tags. The theme color tells the browser with what color to tint UI elements such as the address bar.

angular.json
"assets": [
  "src/favicon.ico",
  "src/assets",
  "src/sw.js",
  "src/manifest.json"
],

src/index.html
<link rel="manifest" href="manifest.json" />
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffff00" />

Finally, let’s download the different sizes of icons to the src/assets/icons directory by running the following commands:

mkdir src/assets/icons
curl -o src/assets/icons/android-chrome-192x192.png https://raw.githubusercontent.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter/master/src/assets/icons/android-chrome-192x192.png
curl -o src/assets/icons/icon-144x144.png https://raw.githubusercontent.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter/master/src/assets/icons/icon-144x144.png
curl -o src/assets/icons/icon-192x192.png https://raw.githubusercontent.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter/master/src/assets/icons/icon-192x192.png
curl -o src/assets/icons/icon-256x256.png https://raw.githubusercontent.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter/master/src/assets/icons/icon-256x256.png
curl -o src/assets/icons/icon-384x384.png https://raw.githubusercontent.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter/master/src/assets/icons/icon-384x384.png
curl -o src/assets/icons/icon-512x512.png https://raw.githubusercontent.com/carbon-design-system/carbon-angular-starter/master/src/assets/icons/icon-512x512.png

Run the app

Now we can run our app for a quick preview inside the browser.

npm start

Your app should now be running with the message: ** Angular Live Development Server is listening on localhost:4200, open your browser on http://localhost:4200/ **

Before we start adding components we want to start with an empty project, so delete everything in app.component.html except for the router-outler. We will also have to delete the test that was associated with this code. So in app.component.spec.ts, delete the should render title and should have as title 'carbon-angular-tutorial' test.

Add UI Shell

Next, we’re going to create an Angular component called Header to use with the UI Shell Carbon component. Using Angular CLI we will create this component inside the src/app directory.

ng g component header --lint-fix

Folder structure

src/app/header
├── header.component.html
├── header.component.scss
├── header.component.spec.ts
└── header.component.ts

Import UI Shell

Next we’ll import our Carbon UI Shell components into app.module.ts, app.component.spec.ts and header.component.spec.ts. Set up the file like so:

src/app/app.module.ts
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { HeaderComponent } from './header/header.component';
// carbon-components-angular default imports
import { UIShellModule } from 'carbon-components-angular';

src/app/app.component.spec.ts,src/app/header/header.component.spec.ts
import { UIShellModule } from 'carbon-components-angular/ui-shell/ui-shell.module';

src/app/app.component.spec.ts,src/app/header/header.component.spec.ts
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  declarations: [HeaderComponent],
  imports: [UIShellModule]
});

Note: You can find a description of the different components used in UI Shell in our carbon-components-angular package.

Import icons

Now let’s import the icons from our @carbon/icons-angular package. In app.module.ts, app.component.spec.ts and header.component.spec.ts, we need to import each individual icon we will use.

src/app/app.module.ts,src/app/app.component.spec.ts,src/app/header/header.component.spec.ts
import { NotificationModule } from '@carbon/icons-angular';
import { UserAvatarModule } from '@carbon/icons-angular';
import { AppSwitcherModule } from '@carbon/icons-angular';

src/app/app.module.ts,src/app/app.component.spec.ts,src/app/header/header.component.spec.ts
imports: [NotificationModule, UserAvatarModule, AppSwitcherModule];

Then we need to add the template code. Populate header.component.html with:

src/app/header/header.component.html
<ibm-header name="Carbon Tutorial Angular">
    <ibm-header-navigation ariaLabel="Carbon Tutorial Angular">
        <ibm-header-item href="/repos">Repositories</ibm-header-item>
    </ibm-header-navigation>
    <ibm-header-global>
        <ibm-header-action title="action">
            <svg ibmIconNotification size="20"></svg>
        </ibm-header-action>
        <ibm-header-action title="action">

Next import the header component in app.component.spec.ts and add the component in app.component.html

src/app/app.component.spec.ts
import { HeaderComponent } from './header/header.component';

src/app/app.component.spec.ts
declarations: [HeaderComponent];

src/app/app.component.html
<app-header></app-header>
<main class="bx--content">
  <router-outlet></router-outlet>
</main>

Let’s add some padding to the top of the document, so the content is below the header. We are going to do this by using the bx--header class provided by carbon. So in header.component.ts lets hostbind that class.

import { Component, HostBinding } from '@angular/core';
  ...
    @HostBinding('class.bx--header') headerClass = true;

Create pages

Next thing we need to do is create the files for our content. These files will be located in the app folder inside of src. It should be a sibling of header.

Our app will have two pages. First, we need a landing page. Go ahead and stop your development server (with CTRL-C) and then:

ng g module home --routing --lint-fix
ng g component home/landing-page --lint-fix

Folder structure

src/app/home
├── landing-page
│   ├── landing-page.component.html
│   ├── landing-page.component.scss
│   ├── landing-page.component.spec.ts
│   └── landing-page.component.ts
├── home-routing.module.ts
└── home-page.module.ts

And a repo page:

ng g module repositories --routing --lint-fix
ng g component repositories/repo-page --lint-fix

Folder structure

src/app/repositories
├── repo-page
│   ├── repo-page.component.html
│   ├── repo-page.component.scss
│   ├── repo-page.component.spec.ts
│   └── repo-page.component.ts
├── repositories-routing.module.ts
└── repositories.module.ts

Now you can restart your server with npm start.

Add routing

We need to update routing functionality to enable the loading of repositories. Inside app-routing.module.ts we’ll add the following code in the routes array:

src/app-routing.module.ts
const routes: Routes = [
  {
    path: '',
    loadChildren: () => import('./home/home.module').then((m) => m.HomeModule),
  },
  {
    path: 'repos',
    loadChildren: () =>
      import('./repositories/repositories.module').then(

And modify the NgModule declaration to use the hash router:

src/app-routing.module.ts
@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes, { useHash: true })],
  exports: [RouterModule],
})
export class AppRoutingModule {}

And add routes for the landing and repo pages:

src/app/home/home-routing.module.ts
import { LandingPageComponent } from './landing-page/landing-page.component';
const routes: Routes = [
  {
    path: '',
    component: LandingPageComponent,
  },
];

src/app/repositories/repositories-routing.module.ts
import { RepoPageComponent } from './repo-page/repo-page.component';
const routes: Routes = [
  {
    path: '',
    component: RepoPageComponent
  }
];

After that we need to do a couple quick fixes to the UI Shell to have it route to the repo page.

src/app/header/header.component.html
<ibm-header-item [route]="['/repos']">Repositories</ibm-header-item>

You should now have a working header that routes to the repos pages without full page reload!

Submit pull request

We’re going to submit a pull request to verify completion of this tutorial step and demonstrate a couple related concepts.

Continuous integration (CI) check

Note: Before you run any tests, make sure that you are using ChromeHeadless in karma.conf.js instead of Chrome.

We have lint and test scripts defined in package.json that verify file formatting for files that have been touched since the last Git commit. You’d typically also have that script run your test suite as part of your CI build. Go ahead and make sure everything looks good with:

ng lint --fix
npm run lint && npm test

Note: If this gives an error, it’s likely that some of your source files are not properly formatted.

Git commit and push

Before we can create a pull request, we need to stage and commit all of our changes:

git add --all && git commit -m "feat(tutorial): complete step 1"

Then, push to your repository:

git push origin angular-step-1

Note: If your Git remote protocol is HTTPS instead of SSH, you may be prompted to authenticate with GitHub when you push changes. If your GitHub account has two-factor authentication enabled, we recommend that you follow these instructions to create a personal access token for the command line. That lets you use your token instead of password when performing Git operations over HTTPS.

Note: If you receive a non-fast-forward error, it’s likely that your forked repository is behind the original repository and needs updated. This can happen if the tutorial was updated after you began working on it. To fix, run git pull upstream angular-step-1 to merge the changes into your branch, then you can try pushing again. Or, you can manually merge in the upstream changes.

Pull request (PR)

Finally, visit carbon-tutorial-angular to “Compare & pull request”. In doing so, make sure that you are comparing to angular-step-1 into base: angular-step-1. Take notice of the Netlify bot that deploys a preview of your PR every time that you push new commits. These previews can be shared and viewed by anybody to assist the PR review process.

Note: Expect your tutorial step PRs to be reviewed by the Carbon team but not merged. We’ll close your PR so we can keep the repository’s remote branches pristine and ready for the next person!

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Angular tutorial: Overview

Angular tutorial: Step 2